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Defence

26 Aug 2026

Workforce Insights Reports

22 Sept 2025

Defence Capability – VET Systems Pathways Framework

The Defence industry-sector is responsible for protecting Australia's national security interests.

It supports regional stability and diplomatic efforts, deters potential threats, and protects Australia’s maritime borders. Defence personnel work to counter threats both at home and overseas, and promote global peace through international collaborations.

Sector at a glance

58,000+Permanent force
33,000+Reserves
20,000+Public Service Employees
40Qualifications
41Skill Sets
454Units of Competency

Identified Challenges

  • Career PathwaysClearly defined career pathways support employee value propositions, although lateral/cross-jurisdictional transfers have their own limitations for employees and volunteers in Public Safety.
  • Demographic ShiftsThe Public Safety workforce is ageing, leading to higher employee and volunteer attrition rates. The ageing population in Australia means increased community assistance needs.
  • Diversity and InclusionIncreased recruitment and participation of women and First Nations people in Public Safety, although First Nations representation remains a challenge.
  • Public Trust and PerceptionCommonly impacted by public trust and perceptions, which varies in degree across Public Safety. There is also public expectation that senior officials provide consistent information during emergencies.
  • Recruitment and Retention There are elevated recruitment and retention challenges in Public Safety, with recruitment targets not always aligned to organisational or community needs.

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